FREDERICK W.TAYLOR - फ्रेडरिक टेलर SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT वैज्ञानिक प्रबंध के सिद्धांत
Today we
will discuss about What is the Taylor’s scientific management, what principle
he has given but before that let us understand what exactly Taylor was, who was
this person and what was his background. See ‘ Frederick Winslow Taylor ’
this was the name of Mr. Taylor. He was born in 1856 and died in 1915. Okay now
this guy was an American mechanical engineer and he was a person who developed
the theory of management and this is known as scientific management theory. So
theory of management when I'm whenever I'm speaking this term is speaking about
scientific management. Now remember most of the time he worked in steel
companies okay and as I have been telling you these management principle has
been observed and experimented. So Taylor had actually experimented and seen
the observations of his theory before introducing it to the world.
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Now what is
the scientific management all about see earlier what used to happen when the
industrialization process started managers weren't aware like what exactly
should I do. When this problem comes in so what they used to do. They used to
always follow their intuition. So what they used to do is they used to see if
they have similar kind of problem in past. How they dealt with it they used to
follow the same solution or maybe they used to take her advice from a fellow
manager.
So what you so
happened was there were no set rules and managers used to based or solve the situation
based on the personal experiences. Okay so this is known as Rule of thumb.
Now remember what happens in this rule of thumb if I keep on solving the
problems in this scenario chances are not every time I will get the solution.
Let's say in
the past my workers were not motivated so I gave them all rise okay I increase
their wages they got motivated to started giving me more output. Now after few years
again is the same problem and I think okay so because I don't have any
management principle. I am not aware about anything such as principles of
management. So what I do based on the past experience again what I try to
increase their salaries but still they are not happy and hence like last time
when the activities improved or when the activities increased the production increase.
This thing I
don't get the same result so what will I do again I'll try to understand what
is the problem and I mean I'll put in some. Other solution or try to solve the
problem in some other way so what happened here I wasted my time right. So
managers used to follow this rule of thumb but then as I just told you
it had this particular limitation. Hence because of this reason scientific
management was proposed by halo. What he said you need to apply standardized
methods and tools to increase the output quality and reduce the cost and was tages
the words of teg log was that scientific management means knowing exactly as
what you want men to do and see that they do in the best and the cheapest way.
What does
this mean a very simple English statement first you decide what you want from
your men that is from your workers from your employees. Okay then see how they
can do it in the best manner and in the cheapest way. So this is what scientific
management is all about.
Principles
of scientific management
Now let's
understand what exactly the scientific management all about. See science is not
a rule of thumb so earlier as explained you rule of thumb had a limitation. So Mr.
Taylor was totally against it and he says he said science is not a rule of
thumb. So what he did he discarded this rule of thumb theory. He said you
cannot apply this because this is a waste of time and effort you're increasing
your cost. He advocate the scientific approach instead of that and he said that
you need to investigate the traditional methods which are there whatever the
methods you have been following. Investigate them then find out the best
practices which have been there and then lastly develop a standard method.
Example: So
suppose your own car manufacture okay now there are a series of steps involved
when you're manufacturing your car. Now what do you have done earlier you had
fill the room so there used to be a particular scenario wherein the car used to
be manufactured in one room in big one Hall. We can see and different people
were doing different kind of things okay now you realize that there was lot of
time being wasted from one person to another because that unit had to be moved.
So when the laborers were moving that particular stuff that is the unassembled car
in from one place to another. Lot of time was getting wasted okay so you developed
a method wherein you ask the workers to work in a particular sequence. Right
now again that sequence worked out well but after some time do you do some modifications
in the design of the car that sequence went here and then people just forgot
about that sequence and again we started following the same method.
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